Extension Cords & Sockets

      

Extension Cords-
Extension cords can be either two- or three-wire types. The two-wire cords should only be used to operate one or two small appliances. Three-wire extension cords are used for electric power tools and outdoor appliances. The third wire is a grounding wire; such a cord should not be plugged into an ungrounded electrical out let. Use power tools only with a grounded extension cord, unless the tool is double-insulated.

Treat extension cords with care. Don't pull on the plug to disconnect them, and never lay them under the rugs or through doorways. Check extension cords regularly for fraying or damage, and replace a damaged cord at once because it presents a potential fire hazard. Also the extension should be kept as short as possible.

Very long or undersized cords will reduce operating voltage and thus reduce operating efficiency, possibly causing motor damage. Actually, an extension cord should be used only as a last resort. But, when an extension cord must be employed, the wire gauge sizes in the chart are recommended for different lengths.

Cord of any type never should be used as a substitute for permanent wiring. Don't fasten cords to the house in any way, even though staples are often sold for this purpose. Never run cords through doorways, windows, walls, ceilings, floors. Always use cord in continuous lengths from the receptacle to the appliance. Don't ever plug two cords together to make a longer one.

SOCKETS:
Brass lamp sockets may have rotating, pushbutton, or chain switches. Do not attempt to repair the switch or socket; replace it with a new one. But before doing this, be sure to disconnect the light from the power source before you start working on the socket.

To replace a light socket and switch, proceed as follows:

1. Remove the harp. The lamp shade is attached to the lamp with a frame, called a harp, that fits into a bracket below the socket. Slide up the two finger nuts on the harp as you squeeze the harp.
2. Remove the socket housing. To remove the metal housing from the socket, squeeze in on the sides of the upper sleeve just above the base cap and work it upward, out of the cap. Slip both the brass and cardboard sleeve off to expose the socket and terminal screws.
3. Disconnect the wires. Turn the terminal screws counterclockwise to loosen the wires connected to the screws. At this point, check the cord. If it is damaged, it should be replaced.

Wire the new socket. Twist the stranded wire as tightly as you can between your fingers. Then connect the hot copper wire to the brass terminal and the silver wire to the silver terminal. The wires should ft under the terminal screws. If not, disconnect the wires, twist them tight once again, and reconnect them to the terminals.

Place the cardboard insulation over the socket and install the brass-plated upper section. Tighten the screw holding the cord in the socket, if the socket has one. Replace the harp.

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